Annual ammonia inspection mechanical integrity inspections every facility with extremely hazardous chemicals, specifically ammonia, needs to perform a yearly mechanical integrity inspection. Ammonia piping should conform to asme standard b31. Sep 21, 2019 iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook pdf ihs standards expert subscription, simplifies and expedites the process for finding and managing standards by giving you access to standards from over standards developing organizations iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook. Explains how water can contaminate an ammonia refrigeration system, how this can be prevented, and how water can be removed. Application handbook industrial refrigeration ammonia and co2. International institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar refers to ammonia systems.
Provide adequate refrigerant flow to the evaporators, using practical refrigerant line sizes that limit pressure drop. Andy ammonia awards for the 2012 iiar industrial refrigeration. Unlike pumped ammonia systems, no wet suction lines are needed for dx ammonia. Nov 29, 2018 iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook. Because copper and copperbearing materials are attacked by ammonia, they are not used in ammonia piping systems. Iiar ammonia refrigeration piping ammonia refrigeration. Ammonia refrigeration systems have traditionally employed evaporators supplied. Ammonia markers have been developed to help contractors comply with ansi asme a. Have local representatives including the fire department, lepc, andor local cupa been contacted in advance of the decommissioning activities and provided a summary of the activities that will take place for those activities where there may be. Download free ammonia refrigeration piping handbook pdf.
Iiar minimum safety criteria for a safe ammonia refrigeration system iiar bulletin no. The diagrams are not intended to present an exhaustive range of configurations u every industrial refrigeration system will have unique features and requirements. To download the latest version of the literature please visit the danfoss internet site. Iiar international institute of ammonia refrigeration. Refrigeration systems using ammonia as the refrigerant shall comply with iiar 2, iiar 3, iiar 4 and iiar 5, and shall not be required to comply with this chapter. Bulletin 114 has for over 20 years focused on correct labeling of pipe and equipment in an industrial ammonia refrigeration system. Iiar process safety management guidelines for ammonia. Ammonia is a natural refrigerant that has been used for many years in a variety of applications due to its high thermal efficiency. Iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook pdf iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook. Ashraes refrigeration handbook and daikin applieds experience with this type of equipment. Efficient ammonia refrigeration is also 310% more efficient to run than units that use cfcs. This requirement is spelled out in iiar bulletin 109 section 5. A properl y designed and installed refrigerant piping system should.
International institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar page count. Iiar minimum safety criteria for a safe ammonia refrigeration system. Eight workers were critically injured, suffering respiratory burns from ammonia inhalation, and 17 others were less severely hurt. Water contamination in ammonia refrigeration systems iiar bulletin no. Chapters 1, 2, 6, and 7 are significantly revised to. Provides is a tutorial and reference book that represents the collective efforts of. Suggested safety and operating procedures when making ammonia refrigeration plant tieins iiar bulletin no. International institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar refers to ammonia systems exclusively. Ammonia refrigeration piping handbook this book is a guide to modern ammonia refrigeration piping, a comprehensive introduction to ammonia piping as it is practiced in the field. A guide to modern refrigeration piping this book is a comprehensive introduction to. Provides is a tutorial and reference book that represents the collective efforts of the most knowledgeable.
Industrial refrigeration ammonia and co2 applications danfoss. It is an ebook for people who are involved in training and. Iiar board of directors standards committee chairman iiar2. Laroche industries, 1987, aqua ammonia information manual, laroche. Provides is a tutorial and reference book that represents the collective efforts of the most knowledgeable specialists in the ammonia refrigeration industry. Handbook of mechanical refrigeration survivor library. Main page of the international institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar. Ammonia refrigeration iiar ammonia refrigeration piping. Appendix a guidelines for preparation of ammonia refrigeration diagrams iiars ammonia refrigeration piping handbook is the ultimate guide to modern. Since ammonia is environmentally benign, having zero gwp and zero odp characteristics, ammonia is emerging as one of the primary natural refrigerants of choice. Ammonia plant piping specification colonelsanders83 mechanical 21 feb 11 11.
How to meet iiar standards for ammonia pipe marking. Refrigeration and freezing of foodtodays most significant application. In addition to the abbreviation, the use of a temperature or a pressure commonly associated with a particular line may further assist the operator. Selection and system piping details relief valves, purgers, isolation valves, vessel designs, etc should follow industry guidelines as found in the iiar ammonia piping handbook iiar 2004. Dec 02, 20 the primary article is titled the color conundrum iiar defines piping convention and announce to some changes that will be happening to bulletin 114 that will be rereleased in 2014. Ammonia refrigeration technology single stage compression with evaporators configured as directexpansion. In addition, it also contains an appendix that presents reprints of technical papers on the subject of carbon dioxide refrigerants from previous iiar industrial refrigeration conferences. Ammonia plant piping specification pipelines, piping and. Go iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook free the best key search iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook free. Have local representatives including the fire department, lepc, andor local cupa been contacted in advance of the decommissioning activities and provided a summary of the activities that will take place for those activities where there may be significant risk of an ammonia release. A piping system includes all ammonia refrigerant piping and fittings, hand valves, control valves and other devices that are inclusive to the refrigeration lines. Additionally, follow the guidelines explained below.
Special memberships include any individual who is retired from the ammonia refrigeration industry, a student that is involved with the ammonia refrigeration industry, code groups, insurance agencies, regulatory agencies or professionals working and living in article 5 or bric countries. The leading advocate for the safe, reliable and efficient use of ammonia and other natural refrigerants. In a 1986 incident in a packing plant slaughterhouse, a refrigeration line ruptured, releasing ammonia. Introduction to ammonia refrigeration systems ashrae. Refrigerant velocities in vertical lines should be at least 1500 ftmin to ensure good oil return. Offering a rare compilation of thermodynamic data on the mostused industrial refrigerants, industrial refrigeration handbook is a onestop source of vital information and guidance for every practitioner in the field. From fundamentals of design to startup and operation as it applies to industrial applications, the all new co2 handbook is a must have technical resource for industrial refrigeration professionals worldwide. Thats why the international institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar has published the ammonia refrigeration piping handbook, combining earlier published data with substantial input from contractor experts. Pipe supports, hangers, brackets or other piping accessories are not considered part of the piping system. Apr 04, 2019 iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook archive forums epa publishes alerts to increase awareness of possible hazards. Welcome to the manual for refrigeration servicing technicians. Iiar refrigeration piping handbook3 iiar bulletin 116. Ufc 482610 10 july 2002 iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook.
Iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook archive forums epa publishes alerts to increase awareness of possible hazards. Complete document ammonia refrigeration piping handbook. Oct 24, 2016 thats why the international institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar has published the ammonia refrigeration piping handbook, combining earlier published data with substantial input from contractor experts. To download the latest version of the literature please visit the danfoss website. How to meet iiar standards for ammonia pipe marking graphic. Iiar safe and efficient use of natural refrigerants. Piping handbook were on display in milwaukee this year. View abstract product details detail summary view all details. Iiar is currently the only organization writing performance standards for ammonia refrigeration systems. Although they should be pitched and trapped to accommodate the occasional presence of liquid, suction line pressure drop should be calculated to reflect dry operation. Iiar bulletin 114 pdf revised iiar bulletin identification of ammonia piping. Iiar members share their collective knowledge and experience on committees and task forces to produce consensus documents that address various aspects of the natural and industrial refrigeration industry.
If you find this site has been helpful, a small donation would be most appreciated. Guidelines for avoiding component failure in industrial refrigeration systems caused by abnormal pressure or shock follow safety guidelines. Less expensive ammonia refrigerators require narrower piping, which is cheaper to make. Pressures and temperatures inside evaporator piping will vary significantly from one phase of defrost to the next. Iiar has two standards in publication, ansi iiar 21999, equipment, design, and installation of closedcircuit ammonia mechanical refrigerating systems and ansi iiar 32005, ammonia refrigeration valves.
Annual ammonia inspection mechanical integrity inspections. Real expertise of piping lies with the contractor, said co author m. Iiar is a technical member organization with industry representation from all facets of the natural refrigeration community, including manufacturers, engineers, contractors, endusers, academics, scientists, trainers, and more. Refer to the iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook iiar 2004 for proper sizing and.
This book is a guide to modern ammonia refrigeration piping, a comprehensive introduction to ammonia piping as it is practiced in the field. In the authors opinion an engineering handbook must naturally include all infonnation. Special memberships include any individual who is retired from the ammonia refrigeration industry, a student that is involved with the ammonia refrigeration industry, code groups, insurance agencies, regulatory agencies or professionals working and living in article 5. To improve the safety of ammonia refrigeration piping and system components, the international institute of ammonia refrigeration iiar has a guideline for labeling them. This information is presented to illustrate the general system features. Steel piping, fittings, and valves of the proper pressure rating are suitable for ammonia gas and liquid. Manual for refrigeration servicing introduction technicians. The primary article is titled the color conundrum iiar defines piping convention and announce to some changes that will be happening to bulletin 114 that will be rereleased in 2014.
Pressures and temperatures inside evaporator piping will vary significantly from one phase of. Dx ammonia piping handbook 4th edition background ammonia refrigeration systems have traditionally employed evaporators supplied with liquid by either gravity flooding with surge drums, or pumped overfeed either with mechanical pumps or discharge gasdriven vessels. Published by the international institute of ammonia. Iiar is the worlds leading advocate for the safe, reliable and efficient use of ammonia and other natural refrigerants. Features resource data essential for the safe and efficient operation of any ammonia.
Iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook iiar 2004 for proper sizing and arrangement of dry suction lines. Liquid separator application handbook industrial refrigeration ammonia and co 2 applications. Iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook by storarhofe. Iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook read online iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook recognizing the exaggeration ways to acquire this ebook iiar ammonia refrigeration piping handbook is additionally useful. Safety proceduresespecially for systems using ammonia. Good refrigeration piping design requires that the refrigeration lines be pitched in the direction of flow at approximately 12 inch per 10 feet or 1 inch per 20 feet. Pipe insulation is also considered part of the piping system. The handbook is a complete onestop source of information on carbon dioxide refrigeration. Iiars ammonia refrigeration manual, section 5 and appendix 5. If any conflicts arise between the services safety. Ashrae standards encompass halocarbon and ammonia refrigeration systems.
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